//  Chance.js 0.7.3
//  http://chancejs.com
//  (c) 2013 Victor Quinn
//  Chance may be freely distributed or modified under the MIT license.

(function () {

    // Constants
    var MAX_INT = 9007199254740992;
    var MIN_INT = -MAX_INT;
    var NUMBERS = '0123456789';
    var CHARS_LOWER = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
    var CHARS_UPPER = CHARS_LOWER.toUpperCase();
    var HEX_POOL  = NUMBERS + "abcdef";

    // Cached array helpers
    var slice = Array.prototype.slice;

    // Constructor
    function Chance (seed) {
        if (!(this instanceof Chance)) {
            return new Chance(seed);
        }

        // if user has provided a function, use that as the generator
        if (typeof seed === 'function') {
            this.random = seed;
            return this;
        }

        var seedling;

        if (arguments.length) {
            // set a starting value of zero so we can add to it
            this.seed = 0;
        }
        // otherwise, leave this.seed blank so that MT will recieve a blank

        for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
            seedling = 0;
            if (typeof arguments[i] === 'string') {
                for (var j = 0; j < arguments[i].length; j++) {
                    seedling += (arguments[i].length - j) * arguments[i].charCodeAt(j);
                }
            } else {
                seedling = arguments[i];
            }
            this.seed += (arguments.length - i) * seedling;
        }

        // If no generator function was provided, use our MT
        this.mt = this.mersenne_twister(this.seed);
        this.random = function () {
            return this.mt.random(this.seed);
        };

        return this;
    }

    Chance.prototype.VERSION = "0.7.3";

    // Random helper functions
    function initOptions(options, defaults) {
        options || (options = {});

        if (defaults) {
            for (var i in defaults) {
                if (typeof options[i] === 'undefined') {
                    options[i] = defaults[i];
                }
            }
        }

        return options;
    }

    function testRange(test, errorMessage) {
        if (test) {
            throw new RangeError(errorMessage);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Encode the input string with Base64.
     */
    var base64 = function() {
        throw new Error('No Base64 encoder available.');
    };

    // Select proper Base64 encoder.
    (function determineBase64Encoder() {
        if (typeof btoa === 'function') {
            base64 = btoa;
        } else if (typeof Buffer === 'function') {
            base64 = function(input) {
                return new Buffer(input).toString('base64');
            };
        }
    })();

    // -- Basics --

    Chance.prototype.bool = function (options) {

        // likelihood of success (true)
        options = initOptions(options, {likelihood : 50});

        testRange(
            options.likelihood < 0 || options.likelihood > 100,
            "Chance: Likelihood accepts values from 0 to 100."
        );

        return this.random() * 100 < options.likelihood;
    };

    Chance.prototype.character = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var symbols = "!@#$%^&*()[]",
            letters, pool;

        testRange(
            options.alpha && options.symbols,
            "Chance: Cannot specify both alpha and symbols."
        );


        if (options.casing === 'lower') {
            letters = CHARS_LOWER;
        } else if (options.casing === 'upper') {
            letters = CHARS_UPPER;
        } else {
            letters = CHARS_LOWER + CHARS_UPPER;
        }

        if (options.pool) {
            pool = options.pool;
        } else if (options.alpha) {
            pool = letters;
        } else if (options.symbols) {
            pool = symbols;
        } else {
            pool = letters + NUMBERS + symbols;
        }

        return pool.charAt(this.natural({max: (pool.length - 1)}));
    };

    // Note, wanted to use "float" or "double" but those are both JS reserved words.

    // Note, fixed means N OR LESS digits after the decimal. This because
    // It could be 14.9000 but in JavaScript, when this is cast as a number,
    // the trailing zeroes are dropped. Left to the consumer if trailing zeroes are
    // needed
    Chance.prototype.floating = function (options) {
        var num;

        options = initOptions(options, {fixed : 4});
        var fixed = Math.pow(10, options.fixed);

        testRange(
            options.fixed && options.precision,
            "Chance: Cannot specify both fixed and precision."
        );

        var max = MAX_INT / fixed;
        var min = -max;

        testRange(
            options.min && options.fixed && options.min < min,
            "Chance: Min specified is out of range with fixed. Min should be, at least, " + min
        );
        testRange(
            options.max && options.fixed && options.max > max,
            "Chance: Max specified is out of range with fixed. Max should be, at most, " + max
        );

        options = initOptions(options, {min : min, max : max});

        // Todo - Make this work!
        // options.precision = (typeof options.precision !== "undefined") ? options.precision : false;

        num = this.integer({min: options.min * fixed, max: options.max * fixed});
        var num_fixed = (num / fixed).toFixed(options.fixed);

        return parseFloat(num_fixed);
    };

    // NOTE the max and min are INCLUDED in the range. So:
    //
    // chance.natural({min: 1, max: 3});
    //
    // would return either 1, 2, or 3.

    Chance.prototype.integer = function (options) {

        // 9007199254740992 (2^53) is the max integer number in JavaScript
        // See: http://vq.io/132sa2j
        options = initOptions(options, {min: MIN_INT, max: MAX_INT});

        testRange(options.min > options.max, "Chance: Min cannot be greater than Max.");

        return Math.floor(this.random() * (options.max - options.min + 1) + options.min);
    };

    Chance.prototype.natural = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {min: 0, max: MAX_INT});
        return this.integer(options);
    };

    Chance.prototype.string = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var length = options.length || this.natural({min: 5, max: 20}),
            pool = options.pool,
            text = this.n(this.character, length, {pool: pool});

        return text.join("");
    };

    // -- End Basics --

    // -- Helpers --

    Chance.prototype.capitalize = function (word) {
        return word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.substr(1);
    };

    Chance.prototype.mixin = function (obj) {
        for (var func_name in obj) {
            Chance.prototype[func_name] = obj[func_name];
        }
        return this;
    };

    // Given a function that generates something random and a number of items to generate,
    // return an array of items where none repeat.
    Chance.prototype.unique = function(fn, num, options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {
            // Default comparator to check that val is not already in arr.
            // Should return `false` if item not in array, `true` otherwise
            comparator: function(arr, val) {
                return arr.indexOf(val) !== -1;
            }
        });

        var arr = [], count = 0, result, MAX_DUPLICATES = num * 50, params = slice.call(arguments, 2);

        while (arr.length < num) {
            result = fn.apply(this, params);
            if (!options.comparator(arr, result)) {
                arr.push(result);
                // reset count when unique found
                count = 0;
            }

            if (++count > MAX_DUPLICATES) {
                throw new RangeError("Chance: num is likely too large for sample set");
            }
        }
        return arr;
    };

    /**
     *  Gives an array of n random terms
     *  @param fn the function that generates something random
     *  @param n number of terms to generate
     *  There can be more parameters after these. All additional parameters are provided to the given function
     */
    Chance.prototype.n = function(fn, n) {
        if (typeof n === 'undefined') {
            n = 1;
        }
        var i = n, arr = [], params = slice.call(arguments, 2);

        // Providing a negative count should result in a noop.
        i = Math.max( 0, i );

        for (null; i--; null) {
            arr.push(fn.apply(this, params));
        }

        return arr;
    };

    // H/T to SO for this one: http://vq.io/OtUrZ5
    Chance.prototype.pad = function (number, width, pad) {
        // Default pad to 0 if none provided
        pad = pad || '0';
        // Convert number to a string
        number = number + '';
        return number.length >= width ? number : new Array(width - number.length + 1).join(pad) + number;
    };

    Chance.prototype.pick = function (arr, count) {
        if (arr.length === 0) {
            throw new RangeError("Chance: Cannot pick() from an empty array");
        }
        if (!count || count === 1) {
            return arr[this.natural({max: arr.length - 1})];
        } else {
            return this.shuffle(arr).slice(0, count);
        }
    };

    Chance.prototype.shuffle = function (arr) {
        var old_array = arr.slice(0),
            new_array = [],
            j = 0,
            length = Number(old_array.length);

        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            // Pick a random index from the array
            j = this.natural({max: old_array.length - 1});
            // Add it to the new array
            new_array[i] = old_array[j];
            // Remove that element from the original array
            old_array.splice(j, 1);
        }

        return new_array;
    };

    // Returns a single item from an array with relative weighting of odds
    Chance.prototype.weighted = function(arr, weights) {
        if (arr.length !== weights.length) {
            throw new RangeError("Chance: length of array and weights must match");
        }

        // Handle weights that are less or equal to zero.
        for (var weightIndex = weights.length - 1; weightIndex >= 0; --weightIndex) {
            // If the weight is less or equal to zero, remove it and the value.
            if (weights[weightIndex] <= 0) {
                arr.splice(weightIndex,1);
                weights.splice(weightIndex,1);
            }
        }

        // If any of the weights are less than 1, we want to scale them up to whole
        //   numbers for the rest of this logic to work
        if (weights.some(function(weight) { return weight < 1; })) {
            var min = weights.reduce(function(min, weight) {
                return (weight < min) ? weight : min;
            }, weights[0]);

            var scaling_factor = 1 / min;

            weights = weights.map(function(weight) {
                return weight * scaling_factor;
            });
        }

        var sum = weights.reduce(function(total, weight) {
            return total + weight;
        }, 0);

        // get an index
        var selected = this.natural({ min: 1, max: sum });

        var total = 0;
        var chosen;
        // Using some() here so we can bail as soon as we get our match
        weights.some(function(weight, index) {
            if (selected <= total + weight) {
                chosen = arr[index];
                return true;
            }
            total += weight;
            return false;
        });

        return chosen;
    };

    // -- End Helpers --

    // -- Text --

    Chance.prototype.paragraph = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var sentences = options.sentences || this.natural({min: 3, max: 7}),
            sentence_array = this.n(this.sentence, sentences);

        return sentence_array.join(' ');
    };

    // Could get smarter about this than generating random words and
    // chaining them together. Such as: http://vq.io/1a5ceOh
    Chance.prototype.sentence = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var words = options.words || this.natural({min: 12, max: 18}),
            text, word_array = this.n(this.word, words);

        text = word_array.join(' ');

        // Capitalize first letter of sentence, add period at end
        text = this.capitalize(text) + '.';

        return text;
    };

    Chance.prototype.syllable = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var length = options.length || this.natural({min: 2, max: 3}),
            consonants = 'bcdfghjklmnprstvwz', // consonants except hard to speak ones
            vowels = 'aeiou', // vowels
            all = consonants + vowels, // all
            text = '',
            chr;

        // I'm sure there's a more elegant way to do this, but this works
        // decently well.
        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++) {
            if (i === 0) {
                // First character can be anything
                chr = this.character({pool: all});
            } else if (consonants.indexOf(chr) === -1) {
                // Last character was a vowel, now we want a consonant
                chr = this.character({pool: consonants});
            } else {
                // Last character was a consonant, now we want a vowel
                chr = this.character({pool: vowels});
            }

            text += chr;
        }

        return text;
    };

    Chance.prototype.word = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        testRange(
            options.syllables && options.length,
            "Chance: Cannot specify both syllables AND length."
        );

        var syllables = options.syllables || this.natural({min: 1, max: 3}),
            text = '';

        if (options.length) {
            // Either bound word by length
            do {
                text += this.syllable();
            } while (text.length < options.length);
            text = text.substring(0, options.length);
        } else {
            // Or by number of syllables
            for (var i = 0; i < syllables; i++) {
                text += this.syllable();
            }
        }
        return text;
    };

    // -- End Text --

    // -- Person --

    Chance.prototype.age = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        var ageRange;

        switch (options.type) {
            case 'child':
                ageRange = {min: 1, max: 12};
                break;
            case 'teen':
                ageRange = {min: 13, max: 19};
                break;
            case 'adult':
                ageRange = {min: 18, max: 65};
                break;
            case 'senior':
                ageRange = {min: 65, max: 100};
                break;
            case 'all':
                ageRange = {min: 1, max: 100};
                break;
            default:
                ageRange = {min: 18, max: 65};
                break;
        }

        return this.natural(ageRange);
    };

    Chance.prototype.birthday = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {
            year: (new Date().getFullYear() - this.age(options))
        });

        return this.date(options);
    };

    // CPF; ID to identify taxpayers in Brazil
    Chance.prototype.cpf = function () {
        var n = this.n(this.natural, 9, { max: 9 });
        var d1 = n[8]*2+n[7]*3+n[6]*4+n[5]*5+n[4]*6+n[3]*7+n[2]*8+n[1]*9+n[0]*10;
        d1 = 11 - (d1 % 11);
        if (d1>=10) {
            d1 = 0;
        }
        var d2 = d1*2+n[8]*3+n[7]*4+n[6]*5+n[5]*6+n[4]*7+n[3]*8+n[2]*9+n[1]*10+n[0]*11;
        d2 = 11 - (d2 % 11);
        if (d2>=10) {
            d2 = 0;
        }
        return ''+n[0]+n[1]+n[2]+'.'+n[3]+n[4]+n[5]+'.'+n[6]+n[7]+n[8]+'-'+d1+d2;
    };

    Chance.prototype.first = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {gender: this.gender()});
        return this.pick(this.get("firstNames")[options.gender.toLowerCase()]);
    };

    Chance.prototype.gender = function () {
        return this.pick(['Male', 'Female']);
    };

    Chance.prototype.last = function () {
        return this.pick(this.get("lastNames"));
    };

    Chance.prototype.name = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var first = this.first(options),
            last = this.last(),
            name;

        if (options.middle) {
            name = first + ' ' + this.first(options) + ' ' + last;
        } else if (options.middle_initial) {
            name = first + ' ' + this.character({alpha: true, casing: 'upper'}) + '. ' + last;
        } else {
            name = first + ' ' + last;
        }

        if (options.prefix) {
            name = this.prefix(options) + ' ' + name;
        }

        if (options.suffix) {
            name = name + ' ' + this.suffix(options);
        }

        return name;
    };

    // Return the list of available name prefixes based on supplied gender.
    Chance.prototype.name_prefixes = function (gender) {
        gender = gender || "all";
        gender = gender.toLowerCase();

        var prefixes = [
            { name: 'Doctor', abbreviation: 'Dr.' }
        ];

        if (gender === "male" || gender === "all") {
            prefixes.push({ name: 'Mister', abbreviation: 'Mr.' });
        }

        if (gender === "female" || gender === "all") {
            prefixes.push({ name: 'Miss', abbreviation: 'Miss' });
            prefixes.push({ name: 'Misses', abbreviation: 'Mrs.' });
        }

        return prefixes;
    };

    // Alias for name_prefix
    Chance.prototype.prefix = function (options) {
        return this.name_prefix(options);
    };

    Chance.prototype.name_prefix = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, { gender: "all" });
        return options.full ?
            this.pick(this.name_prefixes(options.gender)).name :
            this.pick(this.name_prefixes(options.gender)).abbreviation;
    };

    Chance.prototype.ssn = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {ssnFour: false, dashes: true});
        var ssn_pool = "1234567890",
            ssn,
            dash = options.dashes ? '-' : '';

        if(!options.ssnFour) {
            ssn = this.string({pool: ssn_pool, length: 3}) + dash +
            this.string({pool: ssn_pool, length: 2}) + dash +
            this.string({pool: ssn_pool, length: 4});
        } else {
            ssn = this.string({pool: ssn_pool, length: 4});
        }
        return ssn;
    };

    // Return the list of available name suffixes
    Chance.prototype.name_suffixes = function () {
        var suffixes = [
            { name: 'Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine', abbreviation: 'D.O.' },
            { name: 'Doctor of Philosophy', abbreviation: 'Ph.D.' },
            { name: 'Esquire', abbreviation: 'Esq.' },
            { name: 'Junior', abbreviation: 'Jr.' },
            { name: 'Juris Doctor', abbreviation: 'J.D.' },
            { name: 'Master of Arts', abbreviation: 'M.A.' },
            { name: 'Master of Business Administration', abbreviation: 'M.B.A.' },
            { name: 'Master of Science', abbreviation: 'M.S.' },
            { name: 'Medical Doctor', abbreviation: 'M.D.' },
            { name: 'Senior', abbreviation: 'Sr.' },
            { name: 'The Third', abbreviation: 'III' },
            { name: 'The Fourth', abbreviation: 'IV' }
        ];
        return suffixes;
    };

    // Alias for name_suffix
    Chance.prototype.suffix = function (options) {
        return this.name_suffix(options);
    };

    Chance.prototype.name_suffix = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        return options.full ?
            this.pick(this.name_suffixes()).name :
            this.pick(this.name_suffixes()).abbreviation;
    };

    // -- End Person --

    // -- Mobile --
    // Android GCM Registration ID
    Chance.prototype.android_id = function () {
        return "APA91" + this.string({ pool: "0123456789abcefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-_", length: 178 });
    };

    // Apple Push Token
    Chance.prototype.apple_token = function () {
        return this.string({ pool: "abcdef1234567890", length: 64 });
    };

    // Windows Phone 8 ANID2
    Chance.prototype.wp8_anid2 = function () {
        return base64( this.hash( { length : 32 } ) );
    };

    // Windows Phone 7 ANID
    Chance.prototype.wp7_anid = function () {
        return 'A=' + this.guid().replace(/-/g, '').toUpperCase() + '&E=' + this.hash({ length:3 }) + '&W=' + this.integer({ min:0, max:9 });
    };

    // BlackBerry Device PIN
    Chance.prototype.bb_pin = function () {
        return this.hash({ length: 8 });
    };

    // -- End Mobile --

    // -- Web --
    Chance.prototype.color = function (options) {
        function gray(value, delimiter) {
            return [value, value, value].join(delimiter || '');
        }

        options = initOptions(options, {format: this.pick(['hex', 'shorthex', 'rgb', '0x']), grayscale: false, casing: 'lower'});
        var isGrayscale = options.grayscale;
        var colorValue;

        if (options.format === 'hex') {
            colorValue = '#' + (isGrayscale ? gray(this.hash({length: 2})) : this.hash({length: 6}));

        } else if (options.format === 'shorthex') {
            colorValue = '#' + (isGrayscale ? gray(this.hash({length: 1})) : this.hash({length: 3}));

        } else if (options.format === 'rgb') {
            if (isGrayscale) {
                colorValue = 'rgb(' + gray(this.natural({max: 255}), ',') + ')';
            } else {
                colorValue = 'rgb(' + this.natural({max: 255}) + ',' + this.natural({max: 255}) + ',' + this.natural({max: 255}) + ')';
            }
        } else if (options.format === '0x') {
            colorValue = '0x' + (isGrayscale ? gray(this.hash({length: 2})) : this.hash({length: 6}));
        } else {
            throw new Error('Invalid format provided. Please provide one of "hex", "shorthex", "rgb" or "0x".');
        }

        if (options.casing === 'upper' ) {
            colorValue = colorValue.toUpperCase();
        }

        return colorValue;
    };

    Chance.prototype.domain = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        return this.word() + '.' + (options.tld || this.tld());
    };

    Chance.prototype.email = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        return this.word({length: options.length}) + '@' + (options.domain || this.domain());
    };

    Chance.prototype.fbid = function () {
        return parseInt('10000' + this.natural({max: 100000000000}), 10);
    };

    Chance.prototype.google_analytics = function () {
        var account = this.pad(this.natural({max: 999999}), 6);
        var property = this.pad(this.natural({max: 99}), 2);

        return 'UA-' + account + '-' + property;
    };

    Chance.prototype.hashtag = function () {
        return '#' + this.word();
    };

    Chance.prototype.ip = function () {
        // Todo: This could return some reserved IPs. See http://vq.io/137dgYy
        // this should probably be updated to account for that rare as it may be
        return this.natural({max: 255}) + '.' +
               this.natural({max: 255}) + '.' +
               this.natural({max: 255}) + '.' +
               this.natural({max: 255});
    };

    Chance.prototype.ipv6 = function () {
        var ip_addr = this.n(this.hash, 8, {length: 4});

        return ip_addr.join(":");
    };

    Chance.prototype.klout = function () {
        return this.natural({min: 1, max: 99});
    };

    Chance.prototype.tlds = function () {
        return ['com', 'org', 'edu', 'gov', 'co.uk', 'net', 'io'];
    };

    Chance.prototype.tld = function () {
        return this.pick(this.tlds());
    };

    Chance.prototype.twitter = function () {
        return '@' + this.word();
    };

    Chance.prototype.url = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, { protocol: "http", domain: this.domain(options), domain_prefix: "", path: this.word(), extensions: []});

        var extension = options.extensions.length > 0 ? "." + this.pick(options.extensions) : "";
        var domain = options.domain_prefix ? options.domain_prefix + "." + options.domain : options.domain;

        return options.protocol + "://" + domain + "/" + options.path + extension;
    };

    // -- End Web --

    // -- Location --

    Chance.prototype.address = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        return this.natural({min: 5, max: 2000}) + ' ' + this.street(options);
    };

    Chance.prototype.altitude = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {fixed : 5, max: 8848});
        return this.floating({min: 0, max: options.max, fixed: options.fixed});
    };

    Chance.prototype.areacode = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {parens : true});
        // Don't want area codes to start with 1, or have a 9 as the second digit
        var areacode = this.natural({min: 2, max: 9}).toString() +
                this.natural({min: 0, max: 8}).toString() +
                this.natural({min: 0, max: 9}).toString();

        return options.parens ? '(' + areacode + ')' : areacode;
    };

    Chance.prototype.city = function () {
        return this.capitalize(this.word({syllables: 3}));
    };

    Chance.prototype.coordinates = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        return this.latitude(options) + ', ' + this.longitude(options);
    };

    Chance.prototype.countries = function () {
        return this.get("countries");
    };

    Chance.prototype.country = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        var country = this.pick(this.countries());
        return options.full ? country.name : country.abbreviation;
    };

    Chance.prototype.depth = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {fixed: 5, min: -2550});
        return this.floating({min: options.min, max: 0, fixed: options.fixed});
    };

    Chance.prototype.geohash = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, { length: 7 });
        return this.string({ length: options.length, pool: '0123456789bcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxyz' });
    };

    Chance.prototype.geojson = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        return this.latitude(options) + ', ' + this.longitude(options) + ', ' + this.altitude(options);
    };

    Chance.prototype.latitude = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {fixed: 5, min: -90, max: 90});
        return this.floating({min: options.min, max: options.max, fixed: options.fixed});
    };

    Chance.prototype.longitude = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {fixed: 5, min: -180, max: 180});
        return this.floating({min: options.min, max: options.max, fixed: options.fixed});
    };

    Chance.prototype.phone = function (options) {
        var self = this,
            numPick,
            ukNum = function (parts) {
                var section = [];
                //fills the section part of the phone number with random numbers.
                parts.sections.forEach(function(n) {
                    section.push(self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: n}));
                });
                return parts.area + section.join(' ');
            };
        options = initOptions(options, {
            formatted: true,
            country: 'us',
            mobile: false
        });
        if (!options.formatted) {
            options.parens = false;
        }
        var phone;
        switch (options.country) {
            case 'fr':
                if (!options.mobile) {
                    numPick = this.pick([
                        // Valid zone and département codes.
                        '01' + this.pick(['30', '34', '39', '40', '41', '42', '43', '44', '45', '46', '47', '48', '49', '53', '55', '56', '58', '60', '64', '69', '70', '72', '73', '74', '75', '76', '77', '78', '79', '80', '81', '82', '83']) + self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: 6}),
                        '02' + this.pick(['14', '18', '22', '23', '28', '29', '30', '31', '32', '33', '34', '35', '36', '37', '38', '40', '41', '43', '44', '45', '46', '47', '48', '49', '50', '51', '52', '53', '54', '56', '57', '61', '62', '69', '72', '76', '77', '78', '85', '90', '96', '97', '98', '99']) + self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: 6}),
                        '03' + this.pick(['10', '20', '21', '22', '23', '24', '25', '26', '27', '28', '29', '39', '44', '45', '51', '52', '54', '55', '57', '58', '59', '60', '61', '62', '63', '64', '65', '66', '67', '68', '69', '70', '71', '72', '73', '80', '81', '82', '83', '84', '85', '86', '87', '88', '89', '90']) + self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: 6}),
                        '04' + this.pick(['11', '13', '15', '20', '22', '26', '27', '30', '32', '34', '37', '42', '43', '44', '50', '56', '57', '63', '66', '67', '68', '69', '70', '71', '72', '73', '74', '75', '76', '77', '78', '79', '80', '81', '82', '83', '84', '85', '86', '88', '89', '90', '91', '92', '93', '94', '95', '97', '98']) + self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: 6}),
                        '05' + this.pick(['08', '16', '17', '19', '24', '31', '32', '33', '34', '35', '40', '45', '46', '47', '49', '53', '55', '56', '57', '58', '59', '61', '62', '63', '64', '65', '67', '79', '81', '82', '86', '87', '90', '94']) + self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: 6}),
                        '09' + self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: 8}),
                    ]);
                    phone = options.formatted ? numPick.match(/../g).join(' ') : numPick;
                } else {
                    numPick = this.pick(['06', '07']) + self.string({ pool: '0123456789', length: 8});
                    phone = options.formatted ? numPick.match(/../g).join(' ') : numPick;
                }
                break;
            case 'uk':
                if (!options.mobile) {
                    numPick = this.pick([
                        //valid area codes of major cities/counties followed by random numbers in required format.
                        { area: '01' + this.character({ pool: '234569' }) + '1 ', sections: [3,4] },
                        { area: '020 ' + this.character({ pool: '378' }), sections: [3,4] },
                        { area: '023 ' + this.character({ pool: '89' }), sections: [3,4] },
                        { area: '024 7', sections: [3,4] },
                        { area: '028 ' + this.pick(['25','28','37','71','82','90','92','95']), sections: [2,4] },
                        { area: '012' + this.pick(['04','08','54','76','97','98']) + ' ', sections: [5] },
                        { area: '013' + this.pick(['63','64','84','86']) + ' ', sections: [5] },
                        { area: '014' + this.pick(['04','20','60','61','80','88']) + ' ', sections: [5] },
                        { area: '015' + this.pick(['24','27','62','66']) + ' ', sections: [5] },
                        { area: '016' + this.pick(['06','29','35','47','59','95']) + ' ', sections: [5] },
                        { area: '017' + this.pick(['26','44','50','68']) + ' ', sections: [5] },
                        { area: '018' + this.pick(['27','37','84','97']) + ' ', sections: [5] },
                        { area: '019' + this.pick(['00','05','35','46','49','63','95']) + ' ', sections: [5] }
                    ]);
                    phone = options.formatted ? ukNum(numPick) : ukNum(numPick).replace(' ', '', 'g');
                } else {
                    numPick = this.pick([
                        { area: '07' + this.pick(['4','5','7','8','9']), sections: [2,6] },
                        { area: '07624 ', sections: [6] }
                    ]);
                    phone = options.formatted ? ukNum(numPick) : ukNum(numPick).replace(' ', '');
                }
                break;
            case 'us':
                var areacode = this.areacode(options).toString();
                var exchange = this.natural({ min: 2, max: 9 }).toString() +
                    this.natural({ min: 0, max: 9 }).toString() +
                    this.natural({ min: 0, max: 9 }).toString();
                var subscriber = this.natural({ min: 1000, max: 9999 }).toString(); // this could be random [0-9]{4}
                phone = options.formatted ? areacode + ' ' + exchange + '-' + subscriber : areacode + exchange + subscriber;
        }
        return phone;
    };

    Chance.prototype.postal = function () {
        // Postal District
        var pd = this.character({pool: "XVTSRPNKLMHJGECBA"});
        // Forward Sortation Area (FSA)
        var fsa = pd + this.natural({max: 9}) + this.character({alpha: true, casing: "upper"});
        // Local Delivery Unut (LDU)
        var ldu = this.natural({max: 9}) + this.character({alpha: true, casing: "upper"}) + this.natural({max: 9});

        return fsa + " " + ldu;
    };

    Chance.prototype.provinces = function () {
        return this.get("provinces");
    };

    Chance.prototype.province = function (options) {
        return (options && options.full) ?
            this.pick(this.provinces()).name :
            this.pick(this.provinces()).abbreviation;
    };

    Chance.prototype.state = function (options) {
        return (options && options.full) ?
            this.pick(this.states(options)).name :
            this.pick(this.states(options)).abbreviation;
    };

    Chance.prototype.states = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var states,
            us_states_and_dc = this.get("us_states_and_dc"),
            territories = this.get("territories"),
            armed_forces = this.get("armed_forces");

        states = us_states_and_dc;

        if (options.territories) {
            states = states.concat(territories);
        }
        if (options.armed_forces) {
            states = states.concat(armed_forces);
        }

        return states;
    };

    Chance.prototype.street = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var street = this.word({syllables: 2});
        street = this.capitalize(street);
        street += ' ';
        street += options.short_suffix ?
            this.street_suffix().abbreviation :
            this.street_suffix().name;
        return street;
    };

    Chance.prototype.street_suffix = function () {
        return this.pick(this.street_suffixes());
    };

    Chance.prototype.street_suffixes = function () {
        // These are the most common suffixes.
        return this.get("street_suffixes");
    };

    // Note: only returning US zip codes, internationalization will be a whole
    // other beast to tackle at some point.
    Chance.prototype.zip = function (options) {
        var zip = this.n(this.natural, 5, {max: 9});

        if (options && options.plusfour === true) {
            zip.push('-');
            zip = zip.concat(this.n(this.natural, 4, {max: 9}));
        }

        return zip.join("");
    };

    // -- End Location --

    // -- Time

    Chance.prototype.ampm = function () {
        return this.bool() ? 'am' : 'pm';
    };

    Chance.prototype.date = function (options) {
        var date_string, date;

        // If interval is specified we ignore preset
        if(options && (options.min || options.max)) {
            options = initOptions(options, {
                american: true,
                string: false
            });
            var min = typeof options.min !== "undefined" ? options.min.getTime() : 1;
            // 100,000,000 days measured relative to midnight at the beginning of 01 January, 1970 UTC. http://es5.github.io/#x15.9.1.1
            var max = typeof options.max !== "undefined" ? options.max.getTime() : 8640000000000000;

            date = new Date(this.natural({min: min, max: max}));
        } else {
            var m = this.month({raw: true});

            options = initOptions(options, {
                year: parseInt(this.year(), 10),
                // Necessary to subtract 1 because Date() 0-indexes month but not day or year
                // for some reason.
                month: m.numeric - 1,
                day: this.natural({min: 1, max: m.days}),
                hour: this.hour(),
                minute: this.minute(),
                second: this.second(),
                millisecond: this.millisecond(),
                american: true,
                string: false
            });

            date = new Date(options.year, options.month, options.day, options.hour, options.minute, options.second, options.millisecond);
        }

        if (options.american) {
            // Adding 1 to the month is necessary because Date() 0-indexes
            // months but not day for some odd reason.
            date_string = (date.getMonth() + 1) + '/' + date.getDate() + '/' + date.getFullYear();
        } else {
            date_string = date.getDate() + '/' + (date.getMonth() + 1) + '/' + date.getFullYear();
        }

        return options.string ? date_string : date;
    };

    Chance.prototype.hammertime = function (options) {
        return this.date(options).getTime();
    };

    Chance.prototype.hour = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {min: 1, max: options && options.twentyfour ? 24 : 12});

        testRange(options.min < 1, "Chance: Min cannot be less than 1.");
        testRange(options.twentyfour && options.max > 24, "Chance: Max cannot be greater than 24 for twentyfour option.");
        testRange(!options.twentyfour && options.max > 12, "Chance: Max cannot be greater than 12.");
        testRange(options.min > options.max, "Chance: Min cannot be greater than Max.");

        return this.natural({min: options.min, max: options.max});
    };

    Chance.prototype.millisecond = function () {
        return this.natural({max: 999});
    };

    Chance.prototype.minute = Chance.prototype.second = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {min: 0, max: 59});

        testRange(options.min < 0, "Chance: Min cannot be less than 0.");
        testRange(options.max > 59, "Chance: Max cannot be greater than 59.");
        testRange(options.min > options.max, "Chance: Min cannot be greater than Max.");

        return this.natural({min: options.min, max: options.max});
    };

    Chance.prototype.month = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {min: 1, max: 12});

        testRange(options.min < 1, "Chance: Min cannot be less than 1.");
        testRange(options.max > 12, "Chance: Max cannot be greater than 12.");
        testRange(options.min > options.max, "Chance: Min cannot be greater than Max.");

        var month = this.pick(this.months().slice(options.min - 1, options.max));
        return options.raw ? month : month.name;
    };

    Chance.prototype.months = function () {
        return this.get("months");
    };

    Chance.prototype.second = function () {
        return this.natural({max: 59});
    };

    Chance.prototype.timestamp = function () {
        return this.natural({min: 1, max: parseInt(new Date().getTime() / 1000, 10)});
    };

    Chance.prototype.year = function (options) {
        // Default to current year as min if none specified
        options = initOptions(options, {min: new Date().getFullYear()});

        // Default to one century after current year as max if none specified
        options.max = (typeof options.max !== "undefined") ? options.max : options.min + 100;

        return this.natural(options).toString();
    };

    // -- End Time

    // -- Finance --

    Chance.prototype.cc = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);

        var type, number, to_generate;

        type = (options.type) ?
                    this.cc_type({ name: options.type, raw: true }) :
                    this.cc_type({ raw: true });

        number = type.prefix.split("");
        to_generate = type.length - type.prefix.length - 1;

        // Generates n - 1 digits
        number = number.concat(this.n(this.integer, to_generate, {min: 0, max: 9}));

        // Generates the last digit according to Luhn algorithm
        number.push(this.luhn_calculate(number.join("")));

        return number.join("");
    };

    Chance.prototype.cc_types = function () {
        // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_card_number#Issuer_identification_number_.28IIN.29
        return this.get("cc_types");
    };

    Chance.prototype.cc_type = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        var types = this.cc_types(),
            type = null;

        if (options.name) {
            for (var i = 0; i < types.length; i++) {
                // Accept either name or short_name to specify card type
                if (types[i].name === options.name || types[i].short_name === options.name) {
                    type = types[i];
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (type === null) {
                throw new Error("Credit card type '" + options.name + "'' is not supported");
            }
        } else {
            type = this.pick(types);
        }

        return options.raw ? type : type.name;
    };

    //return all world currency by ISO 4217
    Chance.prototype.currency_types = function () {
        return this.get("currency_types");
    };

    //return random world currency by ISO 4217
    Chance.prototype.currency = function () {
        return this.pick(this.currency_types());
    };

    //Return random correct currency exchange pair (e.g. EUR/USD) or array of currency code
    Chance.prototype.currency_pair = function (returnAsString) {
        var currencies = this.unique(this.currency, 2, {
            comparator: function(arr, val) {

                return arr.reduce(function(acc, item) {
                    // If a match has been found, short circuit check and just return
                    return acc || (item.code === val.code);
                }, false);
            }
        });

        if (returnAsString) {
            return  currencies[0] + '/' + currencies[1];
        } else {
            return currencies;
        }
    };

    Chance.prototype.dollar = function (options) {
        // By default, a somewhat more sane max for dollar than all available numbers
        options = initOptions(options, {max : 10000, min : 0});

        var dollar = this.floating({min: options.min, max: options.max, fixed: 2}).toString(),
            cents = dollar.split('.')[1];

        if (cents === undefined) {
            dollar += '.00';
        } else if (cents.length < 2) {
            dollar = dollar + '0';
        }

        if (dollar < 0) {
            return '-$' + dollar.replace('-', '');
        } else {
            return '$' + dollar;
        }
    };

    Chance.prototype.exp = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        var exp = {};

        exp.year = this.exp_year();

        // If the year is this year, need to ensure month is greater than the
        // current month or this expiration will not be valid
        if (exp.year === (new Date().getFullYear())) {
            exp.month = this.exp_month({future: true});
        } else {
            exp.month = this.exp_month();
        }

        return options.raw ? exp : exp.month + '/' + exp.year;
    };

    Chance.prototype.exp_month = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        var month, month_int,
            curMonth = new Date().getMonth();

        if (options.future) {
            do {
                month = this.month({raw: true}).numeric;
                month_int = parseInt(month, 10);
            } while (month_int < curMonth);
        } else {
            month = this.month({raw: true}).numeric;
        }

        return month;
    };

    Chance.prototype.exp_year = function () {
        return this.year({max: new Date().getFullYear() + 10});
    };

    // -- End Finance

    // -- Miscellaneous --

    // Dice - For all the board game geeks out there, myself included ;)
    function diceFn (range) {
        return function () {
            return this.natural(range);
        };
    }
    Chance.prototype.d4 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 4});
    Chance.prototype.d6 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 6});
    Chance.prototype.d8 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 8});
    Chance.prototype.d10 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 10});
    Chance.prototype.d12 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 12});
    Chance.prototype.d20 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 20});
    Chance.prototype.d30 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 30});
    Chance.prototype.d100 = diceFn({min: 1, max: 100});

    Chance.prototype.rpg = function (thrown, options) {
        options = initOptions(options);
        if (thrown === null) {
            throw new Error("A type of die roll must be included");
        } else {
            var bits = thrown.toLowerCase().split("d"),
                rolls = [];

            if (bits.length !== 2 || !parseInt(bits[0], 10) || !parseInt(bits[1], 10)) {
                throw new Error("Invalid format provided. Please provide #d# where the first # is the number of dice to roll, the second # is the max of each die");
            }
            for (var i = bits[0]; i > 0; i--) {
                rolls[i - 1] = this.natural({min: 1, max: bits[1]});
            }
            return (typeof options.sum !== 'undefined' && options.sum) ? rolls.reduce(function (p, c) { return p + c; }) : rolls;
        }
    };

    // Guid
    Chance.prototype.guid = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, { version: 5 });

        var guid_pool = "abcdef1234567890",
            variant_pool = "ab89",
            guid = this.string({ pool: guid_pool, length: 8 }) + '-' +
                   this.string({ pool: guid_pool, length: 4 }) + '-' +
                   // The Version
                   options.version +
                   this.string({ pool: guid_pool, length: 3 }) + '-' +
                   // The Variant
                   this.string({ pool: variant_pool, length: 1 }) +
                   this.string({ pool: guid_pool, length: 3 }) + '-' +
                   this.string({ pool: guid_pool, length: 12 });
        return guid;
    };

    // Hash
    Chance.prototype.hash = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {length : 40, casing: 'lower'});
        var pool = options.casing === 'upper' ? HEX_POOL.toUpperCase() : HEX_POOL;
        return this.string({pool: pool, length: options.length});
    };

    Chance.prototype.luhn_check = function (num) {
        var str = num.toString();
        var checkDigit = +str.substring(str.length - 1);
        return checkDigit === this.luhn_calculate(+str.substring(0, str.length - 1));
    };

    Chance.prototype.luhn_calculate = function (num) {
        var digits = num.toString().split("").reverse();
        var sum = 0;
        var digit;

        for (var i = 0, l = digits.length; l > i; ++i) {
            digit = +digits[i];
            if (i % 2 === 0) {
                digit *= 2;
                if (digit > 9) {
                    digit -= 9;
                }
            }
            sum += digit;
        }
        return (sum * 9) % 10;
    };


    var data = {

        firstNames: {
            "male": ["James", "John", "Robert", "Michael", "William", "David", "Richard", "Joseph", "Charles", "Thomas", "Christopher", "Daniel", "Matthew", "George", "Donald", "Anthony", "Paul", "Mark", "Edward", "Steven", "Kenneth", "Andrew", "Brian", "Joshua", "Kevin", "Ronald", "Timothy", "Jason", "Jeffrey", "Frank", "Gary", "Ryan", "Nicholas", "Eric", "Stephen", "Jacob", "Larry", "Jonathan", "Scott", "Raymond", "Justin", "Brandon", "Gregory", "Samuel", "Benjamin", "Patrick", "Jack", "Henry", "Walter", "Dennis", "Jerry", "Alexander", "Peter", "Tyler", "Douglas", "Harold", "Aaron", "Jose", "Adam", "Arthur", "Zachary", "Carl", "Nathan", "Albert", "Kyle", "Lawrence", "Joe", "Willie", "Gerald", "Roger", "Keith", "Jeremy", "Terry", "Harry", "Ralph", "Sean", "Jesse", "Roy", "Louis", "Billy", "Austin", "Bruce", "Eugene", "Christian", "Bryan", "Wayne", "Russell", "Howard", "Fred", "Ethan", "Jordan", "Philip", "Alan", "Juan", "Randy", "Vincent", "Bobby", "Dylan", "Johnny", "Phillip", "Victor", "Clarence", "Ernest", "Martin", "Craig", "Stanley", "Shawn", "Travis", "Bradley", "Leonard", "Earl", "Gabriel", "Jimmy", "Francis", "Todd", "Noah", "Danny", "Dale", "Cody", "Carlos", "Allen", "Frederick", "Logan", "Curtis", "Alex", "Joel", "Luis", "Norman", "Marvin", "Glenn", "Tony", "Nathaniel", "Rodney", "Melvin", "Alfred", "Steve", "Cameron", "Chad", "Edwin", "Caleb", "Evan", "Antonio", "Lee", "Herbert", "Jeffery", "Isaac", "Derek", "Ricky", "Marcus", "Theodore", "Elijah", "Luke", "Jesus", "Eddie", "Troy", "Mike", "Dustin", "Ray", "Adrian", "Bernard", "Leroy", "Angel", "Randall", "Wesley", "Ian", "Jared", "Mason", "Hunter", "Calvin", "Oscar", "Clifford", "Jay", "Shane", "Ronnie", "Barry", "Lucas", "Corey", "Manuel", "Leo", "Tommy", "Warren", "Jackson", "Isaiah", "Connor", "Don", "Dean", "Jon", "Julian", "Miguel", "Bill", "Lloyd", "Charlie", "Mitchell", "Leon", "Jerome", "Darrell", "Jeremiah", "Alvin", "Brett", "Seth", "Floyd", "Jim", "Blake", "Micheal", "Gordon", "Trevor", "Lewis", "Erik", "Edgar", "Vernon", "Devin", "Gavin", "Jayden", "Chris", "Clyde", "Tom", "Derrick", "Mario", "Brent", "Marc", "Herman", "Chase", "Dominic", "Ricardo", "Franklin", "Maurice", "Max", "Aiden", "Owen", "Lester", "Gilbert", "Elmer", "Gene", "Francisco", "Glen", "Cory", "Garrett", "Clayton", "Sam", "Jorge", "Chester", "Alejandro", "Jeff", "Harvey", "Milton", "Cole", "Ivan", "Andre", "Duane", "Landon"],
            "female": ["Mary", "Emma", "Elizabeth", "Minnie", "Margaret", "Ida", "Alice", "Bertha", "Sarah", "Annie", "Clara", "Ella", "Florence", "Cora", "Martha", "Laura", "Nellie", "Grace", "Carrie", "Maude", "Mabel", "Bessie", "Jennie", "Gertrude", "Julia", "Hattie", "Edith", "Mattie", "Rose", "Catherine", "Lillian", "Ada", "Lillie", "Helen", "Jessie", "Louise", "Ethel", "Lula", "Myrtle", "Eva", "Frances", "Lena", "Lucy", "Edna", "Maggie", "Pearl", "Daisy", "Fannie", "Josephine", "Dora", "Rosa", "Katherine", "Agnes", "Marie", "Nora", "May", "Mamie", "Blanche", "Stella", "Ellen", "Nancy", "Effie", "Sallie", "Nettie", "Della", "Lizzie", "Flora", "Susie", "Maud", "Mae", "Etta", "Harriet", "Sadie", "Caroline", "Katie", "Lydia", "Elsie", "Kate", "Susan", "Mollie", "Alma", "Addie", "Georgia", "Eliza", "Lulu", "Nannie", "Lottie", "Amanda", "Belle", "Charlotte", "Rebecca", "Ruth", "Viola", "Olive", "Amelia", "Hannah", "Jane", "Virginia", "Emily", "Matilda", "Irene", "Kathryn", "Esther", "Willie", "Henrietta", "Ollie", "Amy", "Rachel", "Sara", "Estella", "Theresa", "Augusta", "Ora", "Pauline", "Josie", "Lola", "Sophia", "Leona", "Anne", "Mildred", "Ann", "Beulah", "Callie", "Lou", "Delia", "Eleanor", "Barbara", "Iva", "Louisa", "Maria", "Mayme", "Evelyn", "Estelle", "Nina", "Betty", "Marion", "Bettie", "Dorothy", "Luella", "Inez", "Lela", "Rosie", "Allie", "Millie", "Janie", "Cornelia", "Victoria", "Ruby", "Winifred", "Alta", "Celia", "Christine", "Beatrice", "Birdie", "Harriett", "Mable", "Myra", "Sophie", "Tillie", "Isabel", "Sylvia", "Carolyn", "Isabelle", "Leila", "Sally", "Ina", "Essie", "Bertie", "Nell", "Alberta", "Katharine", "Lora", "Rena", "Mina", "Rhoda", "Mathilda", "Abbie", "Eula", "Dollie", "Hettie", "Eunice", "Fanny", "Ola", "Lenora", "Adelaide", "Christina", "Lelia", "Nelle", "Sue", "Johanna", "Lilly", "Lucinda", "Minerva", "Lettie", "Roxie", "Cynthia", "Helena", "Hilda", "Hulda", "Bernice", "Genevieve", "Jean", "Cordelia", "Marian", "Francis", "Jeanette", "Adeline", "Gussie", "Leah", "Lois", "Lura", "Mittie", "Hallie", "Isabella", "Olga", "Phoebe", "Teresa", "Hester", "Lida", "Lina", "Winnie", "Claudia", "Marguerite", "Vera", "Cecelia", "Bess", "Emilie", "John", "Rosetta", "Verna", "Myrtie", "Cecilia", "Elva", "Olivia", "Ophelia", "Georgie", "Elnora", "Violet", "Adele", "Lily", "Linnie", "Loretta", "Madge", "Polly", "Virgie", "Eugenia", "Lucile", "Lucille", "Mabelle", "Rosalie"]
        },

        lastNames: ['Smith', 'Johnson', 'Williams', 'Jones', 'Brown', 'Davis', 'Miller', 'Wilson', 'Moore', 'Taylor', 'Anderson', 'Thomas', 'Jackson', 'White', 'Harris', 'Martin', 'Thompson', 'Garcia', 'Martinez', 'Robinson', 'Clark', 'Rodriguez', 'Lewis', 'Lee', 'Walker', 'Hall', 'Allen', 'Young', 'Hernandez', 'King', 'Wright', 'Lopez', 'Hill', 'Scott', 'Green', 'Adams', 'Baker', 'Gonzalez', 'Nelson', 'Carter', 'Mitchell', 'Perez', 'Roberts', 'Turner', 'Phillips', 'Campbell', 'Parker', 'Evans', 'Edwards', 'Collins', 'Stewart', 'Sanchez', 'Morris', 'Rogers', 'Reed', 'Cook', 'Morgan', 'Bell', 'Murphy', 'Bailey', 'Rivera', 'Cooper', 'Richardson', 'Cox', 'Howard', 'Ward', 'Torres', 'Peterson', 'Gray', 'Ramirez', 'James', 'Watson', 'Brooks', 'Kelly', 'Sanders', 'Price', 'Bennett', 'Wood', 'Barnes', 'Ross', 'Henderson', 'Coleman', 'Jenkins', 'Perry', 'Powell', 'Long', 'Patterson', 'Hughes', 'Flores', 'Washington', 'Butler', 'Simmons', 'Foster', 'Gonzales', 'Bryant', 'Alexander', 'Russell', 'Griffin', 'Diaz', 'Hayes', 'Myers', 'Ford', 'Hamilton', 'Graham', 'Sullivan', 'Wallace', 'Woods', 'Cole', 'West', 'Jordan', 'Owens', 'Reynolds', 'Fisher', 'Ellis', 'Harrison', 'Gibson', 'McDonald', 'Cruz', 'Marshall', 'Ortiz', 'Gomez', 'Murray', 'Freeman', 'Wells', 'Webb', 'Simpson', 'Stevens', 'Tucker', 'Porter', 'Hunter', 'Hicks', 'Crawford', 'Henry', 'Boyd', 'Mason', 'Morales', 'Kennedy', 'Warren', 'Dixon', 'Ramos', 'Reyes', 'Burns', 'Gordon', 'Shaw', 'Holmes', 'Rice', 'Robertson', 'Hunt', 'Black', 'Daniels', 'Palmer', 'Mills', 'Nichols', 'Grant', 'Knight', 'Ferguson', 'Rose', 'Stone', 'Hawkins', 'Dunn', 'Perkins', 'Hudson', 'Spencer', 'Gardner', 'Stephens', 'Payne', 'Pierce', 'Berry', 'Matthews', 'Arnold', 'Wagner', 'Willis', 'Ray', 'Watkins', 'Olson', 'Carroll', 'Duncan', 'Snyder', 'Hart', 'Cunningham', 'Bradley', 'Lane', 'Andrews', 'Ruiz', 'Harper', 'Fox', 'Riley', 'Armstrong', 'Carpenter', 'Weaver', 'Greene', 'Lawrence', 'Elliott', 'Chavez', 'Sims', 'Austin', 'Peters', 'Kelley', 'Franklin', 'Lawson', 'Fields', 'Gutierrez', 'Ryan', 'Schmidt', 'Carr', 'Vasquez', 'Castillo', 'Wheeler', 'Chapman', 'Oliver', 'Montgomery', 'Richards', 'Williamson', 'Johnston', 'Banks', 'Meyer', 'Bishop', 'McCoy', 'Howell', 'Alvarez', 'Morrison', 'Hansen', 'Fernandez', 'Garza', 'Harvey', 'Little', 'Burton', 'Stanley', 'Nguyen', 'George', 'Jacobs', 'Reid', 'Kim', 'Fuller', 'Lynch', 'Dean', 'Gilbert', 'Garrett', 'Romero', 'Welch', 'Larson', 'Frazier', 'Burke', 'Hanson', 'Day', 'Mendoza', 'Moreno', 'Bowman', 'Medina', 'Fowler', 'Brewer', 'Hoffman', 'Carlson', 'Silva', 'Pearson', 'Holland', 'Douglas', 'Fleming', 'Jensen', 'Vargas', 'Byrd', 'Davidson', 'Hopkins', 'May', 'Terry', 'Herrera', 'Wade', 'Soto', 'Walters', 'Curtis', 'Neal', 'Caldwell', 'Lowe', 'Jennings', 'Barnett', 'Graves', 'Jimenez', 'Horton', 'Shelton', 'Barrett', 'Obrien', 'Castro', 'Sutton', 'Gregory', 'McKinney', 'Lucas', 'Miles', 'Craig', 'Rodriquez', 'Chambers', 'Holt', 'Lambert', 'Fletcher', 'Watts', 'Bates', 'Hale', 'Rhodes', 'Pena', 'Beck', 'Newman', 'Haynes', 'McDaniel', 'Mendez', 'Bush', 'Vaughn', 'Parks', 'Dawson', 'Santiago', 'Norris', 'Hardy', 'Love', 'Steele', 'Curry', 'Powers', 'Schultz', 'Barker', 'Guzman', 'Page', 'Munoz', 'Ball', 'Keller', 'Chandler', 'Weber', 'Leonard', 'Walsh', 'Lyons', 'Ramsey', 'Wolfe', 'Schneider', 'Mullins', 'Benson', 'Sharp', 'Bowen', 'Daniel', 'Barber', 'Cummings', 'Hines', 'Baldwin', 'Griffith', 'Valdez', 'Hubbard', 'Salazar', 'Reeves', 'Warner', 'Stevenson', 'Burgess', 'Santos', 'Tate', 'Cross', 'Garner', 'Mann', 'Mack', 'Moss', 'Thornton', 'Dennis', 'McGee', 'Farmer', 'Delgado', 'Aguilar', 'Vega', 'Glover', 'Manning', 'Cohen', 'Harmon', 'Rodgers', 'Robbins', 'Newton', 'Todd', 'Blair', 'Higgins', 'Ingram', 'Reese', 'Cannon', 'Strickland', 'Townsend', 'Potter', 'Goodwin', 'Walton', 'Rowe', 'Hampton', 'Ortega', 'Patton', 'Swanson', 'Joseph', 'Francis', 'Goodman', 'Maldonado', 'Yates', 'Becker', 'Erickson', 'Hodges', 'Rios', 'Conner', 'Adkins', 'Webster', 'Norman', 'Malone', 'Hammond', 'Flowers', 'Cobb', 'Moody', 'Quinn', 'Blake', 'Maxwell', 'Pope', 'Floyd', 'Osborne', 'Paul', 'McCarthy', 'Guerrero', 'Lindsey', 'Estrada', 'Sandoval', 'Gibbs', 'Tyler', 'Gross', 'Fitzgerald', 'Stokes', 'Doyle', 'Sherman', 'Saunders', 'Wise', 'Colon', 'Gill', 'Alvarado', 'Greer', 'Padilla', 'Simon', 'Waters', 'Nunez', 'Ballard', 'Schwartz', 'McBride', 'Houston', 'Christensen', 'Klein', 'Pratt', 'Briggs', 'Parsons', 'McLaughlin', 'Zimmerman', 'French', 'Buchanan', 'Moran', 'Copeland', 'Roy', 'Pittman', 'Brady', 'McCormick', 'Holloway', 'Brock', 'Poole', 'Frank', 'Logan', 'Owen', 'Bass', 'Marsh', 'Drake', 'Wong', 'Jefferson', 'Park', 'Morton', 'Abbott', 'Sparks', 'Patrick', 'Norton', 'Huff', 'Clayton', 'Massey', 'Lloyd', 'Figueroa', 'Carson', 'Bowers', 'Roberson', 'Barton', 'Tran', 'Lamb', 'Harrington', 'Casey', 'Boone', 'Cortez', 'Clarke', 'Mathis', 'Singleton', 'Wilkins', 'Cain', 'Bryan', 'Underwood', 'Hogan', 'McKenzie', 'Collier', 'Luna', 'Phelps', 'McGuire', 'Allison', 'Bridges', 'Wilkerson', 'Nash', 'Summers', 'Atkins'],

        // Data taken from https://github.com/umpirsky/country-list/blob/master/country/cldr/en_US/country.json
        countries: [{"name":"Afghanistan","abbreviation":"AF"},{"name":"Albania","abbreviation":"AL"},{"name":"Algeria","abbreviation":"DZ"},{"name":"American Samoa","abbreviation":"AS"},{"name":"Andorra","abbreviation":"AD"},{"name":"Angola","abbreviation":"AO"},{"name":"Anguilla","abbreviation":"AI"},{"name":"Antarctica","abbreviation":"AQ"},{"name":"Antigua and Barbuda","abbreviation":"AG"},{"name":"Argentina","abbreviation":"AR"},{"name":"Armenia","abbreviation":"AM"},{"name":"Aruba","abbreviation":"AW"},{"name":"Australia","abbreviation":"AU"},{"name":"Austria","abbreviation":"AT"},{"name":"Azerbaijan","abbreviation":"AZ"},{"name":"Bahamas","abbreviation":"BS"},{"name":"Bahrain","abbreviation":"BH"},{"name":"Bangladesh","abbreviation":"BD"},{"name":"Barbados","abbreviation":"BB"},{"name":"Belarus","abbreviation":"BY"},{"name":"Belgium","abbreviation":"BE"},{"name":"Belize","abbreviation":"BZ"},{"name":"Benin","abbreviation":"BJ"},{"name":"Bermuda","abbreviation":"BM"},{"name":"Bhutan","abbreviation":"BT"},{"name":"Bolivia","abbreviation":"BO"},{"name":"Bosnia and Herzegovina","abbreviation":"BA"},{"name":"Botswana","abbreviation":"BW"},{"name":"Bouvet Island","abbreviation":"BV"},{"name":"Brazil","abbreviation":"BR"},{"name":"British Antarctic Territory","abbreviation":"BQ"},{"name":"British Indian Ocean Territory","abbreviation":"IO"},{"name":"British Virgin Islands","abbreviation":"VG"},{"name":"Brunei","abbreviation":"BN"},{"name":"Bulgaria","abbreviation":"BG"},{"name":"Burkina Faso","abbreviation":"BF"},{"name":"Burundi","abbreviation":"BI"},{"name":"Cambodia","abbreviation":"KH"},{"name":"Cameroon","abbreviation":"CM"},{"name":"Canada","abbreviation":"CA"},{"name":"Canton and Enderbury Islands","abbreviation":"CT"},{"name":"Cape Verde","abbreviation":"CV"},{"name":"Cayman Islands","abbreviation":"KY"},{"name":"Central African Republic","abbreviation":"CF"},{"name":"Chad","abbreviation":"TD"},{"name":"Chile","abbreviation":"CL"},{"name":"China","abbreviation":"CN"},{"name":"Christmas Island","abbreviation":"CX"},{"name":"Cocos [Keeling] Islands","abbreviation":"CC"},{"name":"Colombia","abbreviation":"CO"},{"name":"Comoros","abbreviation":"KM"},{"name":"Congo - Brazzaville","abbreviation":"CG"},{"name":"Congo - Kinshasa","abbreviation":"CD"},{"name":"Cook Islands","abbreviation":"CK"},{"name":"Costa Rica","abbreviation":"CR"},{"name":"Croatia","abbreviation":"HR"},{"name":"Cuba","abbreviation":"CU"},{"name":"Cyprus","abbreviation":"CY"},{"name":"Czech Republic","abbreviation":"CZ"},{"name":"Côte d’Ivoire","abbreviation":"CI"},{"name":"Denmark","abbreviation":"DK"},{"name":"Djibouti","abbreviation":"DJ"},{"name":"Dominica","abbreviation":"DM"},{"name":"Dominican Republic","abbreviation":"DO"},{"name":"Dronning Maud Land","abbreviation":"NQ"},{"name":"East Germany","abbreviation":"DD"},{"name":"Ecuador","abbreviation":"EC"},{"name":"Egypt","abbreviation":"EG"},{"name":"El Salvador","abbreviation":"SV"},{"name":"Equatorial Guinea","abbreviation":"GQ"},{"name":"Eritrea","abbreviation":"ER"},{"name":"Estonia","abbreviation":"EE"},{"name":"Ethiopia","abbreviation":"ET"},{"name":"Falkland Islands","abbreviation":"FK"},{"name":"Faroe Islands","abbreviation":"FO"},{"name":"Fiji","abbreviation":"FJ"},{"name":"Finland","abbreviation":"FI"},{"name":"France","abbreviation":"FR"},{"name":"French Guiana","abbreviation":"GF"},{"name":"French Polynesia","abbreviation":"PF"},{"name":"French Southern Territories","abbreviation":"TF"},{"name":"French Southern and Antarctic Territories","abbreviation":"FQ"},{"name":"Gabon","abbreviation":"GA"},{"name":"Gambia","abbreviation":"GM"},{"name":"Georgia","abbreviation":"GE"},{"name":"Germany","abbreviation":"DE"},{"name":"Ghana","abbreviation":"GH"},{"name":"Gibraltar","abbreviation":"GI"},{"name":"Greece","abbreviation":"GR"},{"name":"Greenland","abbreviation":"GL"},{"name":"Grenada","abbreviation":"GD"},{"name":"Guadeloupe","abbreviation":"GP"},{"name":"Guam","abbreviation":"GU"},{"name":"Guatemala","abbreviation":"GT"},{"name":"Guernsey","abbreviation":"GG"},{"name":"Guinea","abbreviation":"GN"},{"name":"Guinea-Bissau","abbreviation":"GW"},{"name":"Guyana","abbreviation":"GY"},{"name":"Haiti","abbreviation":"HT"},{"name":"Heard Island and McDonald Islands","abbreviation":"HM"},{"name":"Honduras","abbreviation":"HN"},{"name":"Hong Kong SAR China","abbreviation":"HK"},{"name":"Hungary","abbreviation":"HU"},{"name":"Iceland","abbreviation":"IS"},{"name":"India","abbreviation":"IN"},{"name":"Indonesia","abbreviation":"ID"},{"name":"Iran","abbreviation":"IR"},{"name":"Iraq","abbreviation":"IQ"},{"name":"Ireland","abbreviation":"IE"},{"name":"Isle of Man","abbreviation":"IM"},{"name":"Israel","abbreviation":"IL"},{"name":"Italy","abbreviation":"IT"},{"name":"Jamaica","abbreviation":"JM"},{"name":"Japan","abbreviation":"JP"},{"name":"Jersey","abbreviation":"JE"},{"name":"Johnston Island","abbreviation":"JT"},{"name":"Jordan","abbreviation":"JO"},{"name":"Kazakhstan","abbreviation":"KZ"},{"name":"Kenya","abbreviation":"KE"},{"name":"Kiribati","abbreviation":"KI"},{"name":"Kuwait","abbreviation":"KW"},{"name":"Kyrgyzstan","abbreviation":"KG"},{"name":"Laos","abbreviation":"LA"},{"name":"Latvia","abbreviation":"LV"},{"name":"Lebanon","abbreviation":"LB"},{"name":"Lesotho","abbreviation":"LS"},{"name":"Liberia","abbreviation":"LR"},{"name":"Libya","abbreviation":"LY"},{"name":"Liechtenstein","abbreviation":"LI"},{"name":"Lithuania","abbreviation":"LT"},{"name":"Luxembourg","abbreviation":"LU"},{"name":"Macau SAR China","abbreviation":"MO"},{"name":"Macedonia","abbreviation":"MK"},{"name":"Madagascar","abbreviation":"MG"},{"name":"Malawi","abbreviation":"MW"},{"name":"Malaysia","abbreviation":"MY"},{"name":"Maldives","abbreviation":"MV"},{"name":"Mali","abbreviation":"ML"},{"name":"Malta","abbreviation":"MT"},{"name":"Marshall Islands","abbreviation":"MH"},{"name":"Martinique","abbreviation":"MQ"},{"name":"Mauritania","abbreviation":"MR"},{"name":"Mauritius","abbreviation":"MU"},{"name":"Mayotte","abbreviation":"YT"},{"name":"Metropolitan France","abbreviation":"FX"},{"name":"Mexico","abbreviation":"MX"},{"name":"Micronesia","abbreviation":"FM"},{"name":"Midway Islands","abbreviation":"MI"},{"name":"Moldova","abbreviation":"MD"},{"name":"Monaco","abbreviation":"MC"},{"name":"Mongolia","abbreviation":"MN"},{"name":"Montenegro","abbreviation":"ME"},{"name":"Montserrat","abbreviation":"MS"},{"name":"Morocco","abbreviation":"MA"},{"name":"Mozambique","abbreviation":"MZ"},{"name":"Myanmar [Burma]","abbreviation":"MM"},{"name":"Namibia","abbreviation":"NA"},{"name":"Nauru","abbreviation":"NR"},{"name":"Nepal","abbreviation":"NP"},{"name":"Netherlands","abbreviation":"NL"},{"name":"Netherlands Antilles","abbreviation":"AN"},{"name":"Neutral Zone","abbreviation":"NT"},{"name":"New Caledonia","abbreviation":"NC"},{"name":"New Zealand","abbreviation":"NZ"},{"name":"Nicaragua","abbreviation":"NI"},{"name":"Niger","abbreviation":"NE"},{"name":"Nigeria","abbreviation":"NG"},{"name":"Niue","abbreviation":"NU"},{"name":"Norfolk Island","abbreviation":"NF"},{"name":"North Korea","abbreviation":"KP"},{"name":"North Vietnam","abbreviation":"VD"},{"name":"Northern Mariana Islands","abbreviation":"MP"},{"name":"Norway","abbreviation":"NO"},{"name":"Oman","abbreviation":"OM"},{"name":"Pacific Islands Trust Territory","abbreviation":"PC"},{"name":"Pakistan","abbreviation":"PK"},{"name":"Palau","abbreviation":"PW"},{"name":"Palestinian Territories","abbreviation":"PS"},{"name":"Panama","abbreviation":"PA"},{"name":"Panama Canal Zone","abbreviation":"PZ"},{"name":"Papua New Guinea","abbreviation":"PG"},{"name":"Paraguay","abbreviation":"PY"},{"name":"People's Democratic Republic of Yemen","abbreviation":"YD"},{"name":"Peru","abbreviation":"PE"},{"name":"Philippines","abbreviation":"PH"},{"name":"Pitcairn Islands","abbreviation":"PN"},{"name":"Poland","abbreviation":"PL"},{"name":"Portugal","abbreviation":"PT"},{"name":"Puerto Rico","abbreviation":"PR"},{"name":"Qatar","abbreviation":"QA"},{"name":"Romania","abbreviation":"RO"},{"name":"Russia","abbreviation":"RU"},{"name":"Rwanda","abbreviation":"RW"},{"name":"Réunion","abbreviation":"RE"},{"name":"Saint Barthélemy","abbreviation":"BL"},{"name":"Saint Helena","abbreviation":"SH"},{"name":"Saint Kitts and Nevis","abbreviation":"KN"},{"name":"Saint Lucia","abbreviation":"LC"},{"name":"Saint Martin","abbreviation":"MF"},{"name":"Saint Pierre and Miquelon","abbreviation":"PM"},{"name":"Saint Vincent and the Grenadines","abbreviation":"VC"},{"name":"Samoa","abbreviation":"WS"},{"name":"San Marino","abbreviation":"SM"},{"name":"Saudi Arabia","abbreviation":"SA"},{"name":"Senegal","abbreviation":"SN"},{"name":"Serbia","abbreviation":"RS"},{"name":"Serbia and Montenegro","abbreviation":"CS"},{"name":"Seychelles","abbreviation":"SC"},{"name":"Sierra Leone","abbreviation":"SL"},{"name":"Singapore","abbreviation":"SG"},{"name":"Slovakia","abbreviation":"SK"},{"name":"Slovenia","abbreviation":"SI"},{"name":"Solomon Islands","abbreviation":"SB"},{"name":"Somalia","abbreviation":"SO"},{"name":"South Africa","abbreviation":"ZA"},{"name":"South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands","abbreviation":"GS"},{"name":"South Korea","abbreviation":"KR"},{"name":"Spain","abbreviation":"ES"},{"name":"Sri Lanka","abbreviation":"LK"},{"name":"Sudan","abbreviation":"SD"},{"name":"Suriname","abbreviation":"SR"},{"name":"Svalbard and Jan Mayen","abbreviation":"SJ"},{"name":"Swaziland","abbreviation":"SZ"},{"name":"Sweden","abbreviation":"SE"},{"name":"Switzerland","abbreviation":"CH"},{"name":"Syria","abbreviation":"SY"},{"name":"São Tomé and Príncipe","abbreviation":"ST"},{"name":"Taiwan","abbreviation":"TW"},{"name":"Tajikistan","abbreviation":"TJ"},{"name":"Tanzania","abbreviation":"TZ"},{"name":"Thailand","abbreviation":"TH"},{"name":"Timor-Leste","abbreviation":"TL"},{"name":"Togo","abbreviation":"TG"},{"name":"Tokelau","abbreviation":"TK"},{"name":"Tonga","abbreviation":"TO"},{"name":"Trinidad and Tobago","abbreviation":"TT"},{"name":"Tunisia","abbreviation":"TN"},{"name":"Turkey","abbreviation":"TR"},{"name":"Turkmenistan","abbreviation":"TM"},{"name":"Turks and Caicos Islands","abbreviation":"TC"},{"name":"Tuvalu","abbreviation":"TV"},{"name":"U.S. Minor Outlying Islands","abbreviation":"UM"},{"name":"U.S. Miscellaneous Pacific Islands","abbreviation":"PU"},{"name":"U.S. Virgin Islands","abbreviation":"VI"},{"name":"Uganda","abbreviation":"UG"},{"name":"Ukraine","abbreviation":"UA"},{"name":"Union of Soviet Socialist Republics","abbreviation":"SU"},{"name":"United Arab Emirates","abbreviation":"AE"},{"name":"United Kingdom","abbreviation":"GB"},{"name":"United States","abbreviation":"US"},{"name":"Unknown or Invalid Region","abbreviation":"ZZ"},{"name":"Uruguay","abbreviation":"UY"},{"name":"Uzbekistan","abbreviation":"UZ"},{"name":"Vanuatu","abbreviation":"VU"},{"name":"Vatican City","abbreviation":"VA"},{"name":"Venezuela","abbreviation":"VE"},{"name":"Vietnam","abbreviation":"VN"},{"name":"Wake Island","abbreviation":"WK"},{"name":"Wallis and Futuna","abbreviation":"WF"},{"name":"Western Sahara","abbreviation":"EH"},{"name":"Yemen","abbreviation":"YE"},{"name":"Zambia","abbreviation":"ZM"},{"name":"Zimbabwe","abbreviation":"ZW"},{"name":"Åland Islands","abbreviation":"AX"}],

        provinces: [
            {name: 'Alberta', abbreviation: 'AB'},
            {name: 'British Columbia', abbreviation: 'BC'},
            {name: 'Manitoba', abbreviation: 'MB'},
            {name: 'New Brunswick', abbreviation: 'NB'},
            {name: 'Newfoundland and Labrador', abbreviation: 'NL'},
            {name: 'Nova Scotia', abbreviation: 'NS'},
            {name: 'Ontario', abbreviation: 'ON'},
            {name: 'Prince Edward Island', abbreviation: 'PE'},
            {name: 'Quebec', abbreviation: 'QC'},
            {name: 'Saskatchewan', abbreviation: 'SK'},

            // The case could be made that the following are not actually provinces
            // since they are technically considered "territories" however they all
            // look the same on an envelope!
            {name: 'Northwest Territories', abbreviation: 'NT'},
            {name: 'Nunavut', abbreviation: 'NU'},
            {name: 'Yukon', abbreviation: 'YT'}
        ],

        us_states_and_dc: [
            {name: 'Alabama', abbreviation: 'AL'},
            {name: 'Alaska', abbreviation: 'AK'},
            {name: 'Arizona', abbreviation: 'AZ'},
            {name: 'Arkansas', abbreviation: 'AR'},
            {name: 'California', abbreviation: 'CA'},
            {name: 'Colorado', abbreviation: 'CO'},
            {name: 'Connecticut', abbreviation: 'CT'},
            {name: 'Delaware', abbreviation: 'DE'},
            {name: 'District of Columbia', abbreviation: 'DC'},
            {name: 'Florida', abbreviation: 'FL'},
            {name: 'Georgia', abbreviation: 'GA'},
            {name: 'Hawaii', abbreviation: 'HI'},
            {name: 'Idaho', abbreviation: 'ID'},
            {name: 'Illinois', abbreviation: 'IL'},
            {name: 'Indiana', abbreviation: 'IN'},
            {name: 'Iowa', abbreviation: 'IA'},
            {name: 'Kansas', abbreviation: 'KS'},
            {name: 'Kentucky', abbreviation: 'KY'},
            {name: 'Louisiana', abbreviation: 'LA'},
            {name: 'Maine', abbreviation: 'ME'},
            {name: 'Maryland', abbreviation: 'MD'},
            {name: 'Massachusetts', abbreviation: 'MA'},
            {name: 'Michigan', abbreviation: 'MI'},
            {name: 'Minnesota', abbreviation: 'MN'},
            {name: 'Mississippi', abbreviation: 'MS'},
            {name: 'Missouri', abbreviation: 'MO'},
            {name: 'Montana', abbreviation: 'MT'},
            {name: 'Nebraska', abbreviation: 'NE'},
            {name: 'Nevada', abbreviation: 'NV'},
            {name: 'New Hampshire', abbreviation: 'NH'},
            {name: 'New Jersey', abbreviation: 'NJ'},
            {name: 'New Mexico', abbreviation: 'NM'},
            {name: 'New York', abbreviation: 'NY'},
            {name: 'North Carolina', abbreviation: 'NC'},
            {name: 'North Dakota', abbreviation: 'ND'},
            {name: 'Ohio', abbreviation: 'OH'},
            {name: 'Oklahoma', abbreviation: 'OK'},
            {name: 'Oregon', abbreviation: 'OR'},
            {name: 'Pennsylvania', abbreviation: 'PA'},
            {name: 'Rhode Island', abbreviation: 'RI'},
            {name: 'South Carolina', abbreviation: 'SC'},
            {name: 'South Dakota', abbreviation: 'SD'},
            {name: 'Tennessee', abbreviation: 'TN'},
            {name: 'Texas', abbreviation: 'TX'},
            {name: 'Utah', abbreviation: 'UT'},
            {name: 'Vermont', abbreviation: 'VT'},
            {name: 'Virginia', abbreviation: 'VA'},
            {name: 'Washington', abbreviation: 'WA'},
            {name: 'West Virginia', abbreviation: 'WV'},
            {name: 'Wisconsin', abbreviation: 'WI'},
            {name: 'Wyoming', abbreviation: 'WY'}
        ],

        territories: [
            {name: 'American Samoa', abbreviation: 'AS'},
            {name: 'Federated States of Micronesia', abbreviation: 'FM'},
            {name: 'Guam', abbreviation: 'GU'},
            {name: 'Marshall Islands', abbreviation: 'MH'},
            {name: 'Northern Mariana Islands', abbreviation: 'MP'},
            {name: 'Puerto Rico', abbreviation: 'PR'},
            {name: 'Virgin Islands, U.S.', abbreviation: 'VI'}
        ],

        armed_forces: [
            {name: 'Armed Forces Europe', abbreviation: 'AE'},
            {name: 'Armed Forces Pacific', abbreviation: 'AP'},
            {name: 'Armed Forces the Americas', abbreviation: 'AA'}
        ],

        street_suffixes: [
            {name: 'Avenue', abbreviation: 'Ave'},
            {name: 'Boulevard', abbreviation: 'Blvd'},
            {name: 'Center', abbreviation: 'Ctr'},
            {name: 'Circle', abbreviation: 'Cir'},
            {name: 'Court', abbreviation: 'Ct'},
            {name: 'Drive', abbreviation: 'Dr'},
            {name: 'Extension', abbreviation: 'Ext'},
            {name: 'Glen', abbreviation: 'Gln'},
            {name: 'Grove', abbreviation: 'Grv'},
            {name: 'Heights', abbreviation: 'Hts'},
            {name: 'Highway', abbreviation: 'Hwy'},
            {name: 'Junction', abbreviation: 'Jct'},
            {name: 'Key', abbreviation: 'Key'},
            {name: 'Lane', abbreviation: 'Ln'},
            {name: 'Loop', abbreviation: 'Loop'},
            {name: 'Manor', abbreviation: 'Mnr'},
            {name: 'Mill', abbreviation: 'Mill'},
            {name: 'Park', abbreviation: 'Park'},
            {name: 'Parkway', abbreviation: 'Pkwy'},
            {name: 'Pass', abbreviation: 'Pass'},
            {name: 'Path', abbreviation: 'Path'},
            {name: 'Pike', abbreviation: 'Pike'},
            {name: 'Place', abbreviation: 'Pl'},
            {name: 'Plaza', abbreviation: 'Plz'},
            {name: 'Point', abbreviation: 'Pt'},
            {name: 'Ridge', abbreviation: 'Rdg'},
            {name: 'River', abbreviation: 'Riv'},
            {name: 'Road', abbreviation: 'Rd'},
            {name: 'Square', abbreviation: 'Sq'},
            {name: 'Street', abbreviation: 'St'},
            {name: 'Terrace', abbreviation: 'Ter'},
            {name: 'Trail', abbreviation: 'Trl'},
            {name: 'Turnpike', abbreviation: 'Tpke'},
            {name: 'View', abbreviation: 'Vw'},
            {name: 'Way', abbreviation: 'Way'}
        ],

        months: [
            {name: 'January', short_name: 'Jan', numeric: '01', days: 31},
            // Not messing with leap years...
            {name: 'February', short_name: 'Feb', numeric: '02', days: 28},
            {name: 'March', short_name: 'Mar', numeric: '03', days: 31},
            {name: 'April', short_name: 'Apr', numeric: '04', days: 30},
            {name: 'May', short_name: 'May', numeric: '05', days: 31},
            {name: 'June', short_name: 'Jun', numeric: '06', days: 30},
            {name: 'July', short_name: 'Jul', numeric: '07', days: 31},
            {name: 'August', short_name: 'Aug', numeric: '08', days: 31},
            {name: 'September', short_name: 'Sep', numeric: '09', days: 30},
            {name: 'October', short_name: 'Oct', numeric: '10', days: 31},
            {name: 'November', short_name: 'Nov', numeric: '11', days: 30},
            {name: 'December', short_name: 'Dec', numeric: '12', days: 31}
        ],

        // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bank_card_number#Issuer_identification_number_.28IIN.29
        cc_types: [
            {name: "American Express", short_name: 'amex', prefix: '34', length: 15},
            {name: "Bankcard", short_name: 'bankcard', prefix: '5610', length: 16},
            {name: "China UnionPay", short_name: 'chinaunion', prefix: '62', length: 16},
            {name: "Diners Club Carte Blanche", short_name: 'dccarte', prefix: '300', length: 14},
            {name: "Diners Club enRoute", short_name: 'dcenroute', prefix: '2014', length: 15},
            {name: "Diners Club International", short_name: 'dcintl', prefix: '36', length: 14},
            {name: "Diners Club United States & Canada", short_name: 'dcusc', prefix: '54', length: 16},
            {name: "Discover Card", short_name: 'discover', prefix: '6011', length: 16},
            {name: "InstaPayment", short_name: 'instapay', prefix: '637', length: 16},
            {name: "JCB", short_name: 'jcb', prefix: '3528', length: 16},
            {name: "Laser", short_name: 'laser', prefix: '6304', length: 16},
            {name: "Maestro", short_name: 'maestro', prefix: '5018', length: 16},
            {name: "Mastercard", short_name: 'mc', prefix: '51', length: 16},
            {name: "Solo", short_name: 'solo', prefix: '6334', length: 16},
            {name: "Switch", short_name: 'switch', prefix: '4903', length: 16},
            {name: "Visa", short_name: 'visa', prefix: '4', length: 16},
            {name: "Visa Electron", short_name: 'electron', prefix: '4026', length: 16}
        ],

        //return all world currency by ISO 4217
        currency_types: [
            {'code' : 'AED', 'name' : 'United Arab Emirates Dirham'},
            {'code' : 'AFN', 'name' : 'Afghanistan Afghani'},
            {'code' : 'ALL', 'name' : 'Albania Lek'},
            {'code' : 'AMD', 'name' : 'Armenia Dram'},
            {'code' : 'ANG', 'name' : 'Netherlands Antilles Guilder'},
            {'code' : 'AOA', 'name' : 'Angola Kwanza'},
            {'code' : 'ARS', 'name' : 'Argentina Peso'},
            {'code' : 'AUD', 'name' : 'Australia Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'AWG', 'name' : 'Aruba Guilder'},
            {'code' : 'AZN', 'name' : 'Azerbaijan New Manat'},
            {'code' : 'BAM', 'name' : 'Bosnia and Herzegovina Convertible Marka'},
            {'code' : 'BBD', 'name' : 'Barbados Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'BDT', 'name' : 'Bangladesh Taka'},
            {'code' : 'BGN', 'name' : 'Bulgaria Lev'},
            {'code' : 'BHD', 'name' : 'Bahrain Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'BIF', 'name' : 'Burundi Franc'},
            {'code' : 'BMD', 'name' : 'Bermuda Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'BND', 'name' : 'Brunei Darussalam Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'BOB', 'name' : 'Bolivia Boliviano'},
            {'code' : 'BRL', 'name' : 'Brazil Real'},
            {'code' : 'BSD', 'name' : 'Bahamas Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'BTN', 'name' : 'Bhutan Ngultrum'},
            {'code' : 'BWP', 'name' : 'Botswana Pula'},
            {'code' : 'BYR', 'name' : 'Belarus Ruble'},
            {'code' : 'BZD', 'name' : 'Belize Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'CAD', 'name' : 'Canada Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'CDF', 'name' : 'Congo/Kinshasa Franc'},
            {'code' : 'CHF', 'name' : 'Switzerland Franc'},
            {'code' : 'CLP', 'name' : 'Chile Peso'},
            {'code' : 'CNY', 'name' : 'China Yuan Renminbi'},
            {'code' : 'COP', 'name' : 'Colombia Peso'},
            {'code' : 'CRC', 'name' : 'Costa Rica Colon'},
            {'code' : 'CUC', 'name' : 'Cuba Convertible Peso'},
            {'code' : 'CUP', 'name' : 'Cuba Peso'},
            {'code' : 'CVE', 'name' : 'Cape Verde Escudo'},
            {'code' : 'CZK', 'name' : 'Czech Republic Koruna'},
            {'code' : 'DJF', 'name' : 'Djibouti Franc'},
            {'code' : 'DKK', 'name' : 'Denmark Krone'},
            {'code' : 'DOP', 'name' : 'Dominican Republic Peso'},
            {'code' : 'DZD', 'name' : 'Algeria Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'EGP', 'name' : 'Egypt Pound'},
            {'code' : 'ERN', 'name' : 'Eritrea Nakfa'},
            {'code' : 'ETB', 'name' : 'Ethiopia Birr'},
            {'code' : 'EUR', 'name' : 'Euro Member Countries'},
            {'code' : 'FJD', 'name' : 'Fiji Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'FKP', 'name' : 'Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Pound'},
            {'code' : 'GBP', 'name' : 'United Kingdom Pound'},
            {'code' : 'GEL', 'name' : 'Georgia Lari'},
            {'code' : 'GGP', 'name' : 'Guernsey Pound'},
            {'code' : 'GHS', 'name' : 'Ghana Cedi'},
            {'code' : 'GIP', 'name' : 'Gibraltar Pound'},
            {'code' : 'GMD', 'name' : 'Gambia Dalasi'},
            {'code' : 'GNF', 'name' : 'Guinea Franc'},
            {'code' : 'GTQ', 'name' : 'Guatemala Quetzal'},
            {'code' : 'GYD', 'name' : 'Guyana Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'HKD', 'name' : 'Hong Kong Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'HNL', 'name' : 'Honduras Lempira'},
            {'code' : 'HRK', 'name' : 'Croatia Kuna'},
            {'code' : 'HTG', 'name' : 'Haiti Gourde'},
            {'code' : 'HUF', 'name' : 'Hungary Forint'},
            {'code' : 'IDR', 'name' : 'Indonesia Rupiah'},
            {'code' : 'ILS', 'name' : 'Israel Shekel'},
            {'code' : 'IMP', 'name' : 'Isle of Man Pound'},
            {'code' : 'INR', 'name' : 'India Rupee'},
            {'code' : 'IQD', 'name' : 'Iraq Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'IRR', 'name' : 'Iran Rial'},
            {'code' : 'ISK', 'name' : 'Iceland Krona'},
            {'code' : 'JEP', 'name' : 'Jersey Pound'},
            {'code' : 'JMD', 'name' : 'Jamaica Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'JOD', 'name' : 'Jordan Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'JPY', 'name' : 'Japan Yen'},
            {'code' : 'KES', 'name' : 'Kenya Shilling'},
            {'code' : 'KGS', 'name' : 'Kyrgyzstan Som'},
            {'code' : 'KHR', 'name' : 'Cambodia Riel'},
            {'code' : 'KMF', 'name' : 'Comoros Franc'},
            {'code' : 'KPW', 'name' : 'Korea (North) Won'},
            {'code' : 'KRW', 'name' : 'Korea (South) Won'},
            {'code' : 'KWD', 'name' : 'Kuwait Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'KYD', 'name' : 'Cayman Islands Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'KZT', 'name' : 'Kazakhstan Tenge'},
            {'code' : 'LAK', 'name' : 'Laos Kip'},
            {'code' : 'LBP', 'name' : 'Lebanon Pound'},
            {'code' : 'LKR', 'name' : 'Sri Lanka Rupee'},
            {'code' : 'LRD', 'name' : 'Liberia Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'LSL', 'name' : 'Lesotho Loti'},
            {'code' : 'LTL', 'name' : 'Lithuania Litas'},
            {'code' : 'LYD', 'name' : 'Libya Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'MAD', 'name' : 'Morocco Dirham'},
            {'code' : 'MDL', 'name' : 'Moldova Leu'},
            {'code' : 'MGA', 'name' : 'Madagascar Ariary'},
            {'code' : 'MKD', 'name' : 'Macedonia Denar'},
            {'code' : 'MMK', 'name' : 'Myanmar (Burma) Kyat'},
            {'code' : 'MNT', 'name' : 'Mongolia Tughrik'},
            {'code' : 'MOP', 'name' : 'Macau Pataca'},
            {'code' : 'MRO', 'name' : 'Mauritania Ouguiya'},
            {'code' : 'MUR', 'name' : 'Mauritius Rupee'},
            {'code' : 'MVR', 'name' : 'Maldives (Maldive Islands) Rufiyaa'},
            {'code' : 'MWK', 'name' : 'Malawi Kwacha'},
            {'code' : 'MXN', 'name' : 'Mexico Peso'},
            {'code' : 'MYR', 'name' : 'Malaysia Ringgit'},
            {'code' : 'MZN', 'name' : 'Mozambique Metical'},
            {'code' : 'NAD', 'name' : 'Namibia Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'NGN', 'name' : 'Nigeria Naira'},
            {'code' : 'NIO', 'name' : 'Nicaragua Cordoba'},
            {'code' : 'NOK', 'name' : 'Norway Krone'},
            {'code' : 'NPR', 'name' : 'Nepal Rupee'},
            {'code' : 'NZD', 'name' : 'New Zealand Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'OMR', 'name' : 'Oman Rial'},
            {'code' : 'PAB', 'name' : 'Panama Balboa'},
            {'code' : 'PEN', 'name' : 'Peru Nuevo Sol'},
            {'code' : 'PGK', 'name' : 'Papua New Guinea Kina'},
            {'code' : 'PHP', 'name' : 'Philippines Peso'},
            {'code' : 'PKR', 'name' : 'Pakistan Rupee'},
            {'code' : 'PLN', 'name' : 'Poland Zloty'},
            {'code' : 'PYG', 'name' : 'Paraguay Guarani'},
            {'code' : 'QAR', 'name' : 'Qatar Riyal'},
            {'code' : 'RON', 'name' : 'Romania New Leu'},
            {'code' : 'RSD', 'name' : 'Serbia Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'RUB', 'name' : 'Russia Ruble'},
            {'code' : 'RWF', 'name' : 'Rwanda Franc'},
            {'code' : 'SAR', 'name' : 'Saudi Arabia Riyal'},
            {'code' : 'SBD', 'name' : 'Solomon Islands Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'SCR', 'name' : 'Seychelles Rupee'},
            {'code' : 'SDG', 'name' : 'Sudan Pound'},
            {'code' : 'SEK', 'name' : 'Sweden Krona'},
            {'code' : 'SGD', 'name' : 'Singapore Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'SHP', 'name' : 'Saint Helena Pound'},
            {'code' : 'SLL', 'name' : 'Sierra Leone Leone'},
            {'code' : 'SOS', 'name' : 'Somalia Shilling'},
            {'code' : 'SPL', 'name' : 'Seborga Luigino'},
            {'code' : 'SRD', 'name' : 'Suriname Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'STD', 'name' : 'São Tomé and Príncipe Dobra'},
            {'code' : 'SVC', 'name' : 'El Salvador Colon'},
            {'code' : 'SYP', 'name' : 'Syria Pound'},
            {'code' : 'SZL', 'name' : 'Swaziland Lilangeni'},
            {'code' : 'THB', 'name' : 'Thailand Baht'},
            {'code' : 'TJS', 'name' : 'Tajikistan Somoni'},
            {'code' : 'TMT', 'name' : 'Turkmenistan Manat'},
            {'code' : 'TND', 'name' : 'Tunisia Dinar'},
            {'code' : 'TOP', 'name' : 'Tonga Pa\'anga'},
            {'code' : 'TRY', 'name' : 'Turkey Lira'},
            {'code' : 'TTD', 'name' : 'Trinidad and Tobago Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'TVD', 'name' : 'Tuvalu Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'TWD', 'name' : 'Taiwan New Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'TZS', 'name' : 'Tanzania Shilling'},
            {'code' : 'UAH', 'name' : 'Ukraine Hryvnia'},
            {'code' : 'UGX', 'name' : 'Uganda Shilling'},
            {'code' : 'USD', 'name' : 'United States Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'UYU', 'name' : 'Uruguay Peso'},
            {'code' : 'UZS', 'name' : 'Uzbekistan Som'},
            {'code' : 'VEF', 'name' : 'Venezuela Bolivar'},
            {'code' : 'VND', 'name' : 'Viet Nam Dong'},
            {'code' : 'VUV', 'name' : 'Vanuatu Vatu'},
            {'code' : 'WST', 'name' : 'Samoa Tala'},
            {'code' : 'XAF', 'name' : 'Communauté Financière Africaine (BEAC) CFA Franc BEAC'},
            {'code' : 'XCD', 'name' : 'East Caribbean Dollar'},
            {'code' : 'XDR', 'name' : 'International Monetary Fund (IMF) Special Drawing Rights'},
            {'code' : 'XOF', 'name' : 'Communauté Financière Africaine (BCEAO) Franc'},
            {'code' : 'XPF', 'name' : 'Comptoirs Français du Pacifique (CFP) Franc'},
            {'code' : 'YER', 'name' : 'Yemen Rial'},
            {'code' : 'ZAR', 'name' : 'South Africa Rand'},
            {'code' : 'ZMW', 'name' : 'Zambia Kwacha'},
            {'code' : 'ZWD', 'name' : 'Zimbabwe Dollar'}
        ]
    };

    var o_hasOwnProperty = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;
    var o_keys = (Object.keys || function(obj) {
      var result = [];
      for (var key in obj) {
        if (o_hasOwnProperty.call(obj, key)) {
          result.push(key);
        }
      }

      return result;
    });

    function _copyObject(source, target) {
      var keys = o_keys(source);
      var key;

      for (var i = 0, l = keys.length; i < l; i++) {
        key = keys[i];
        target[key] = source[key] || target[key];
      }
    }

    function _copyArray(source, target) {
      for (var i = 0, l = source.length; i < l; i++) {
        target[i] = source[i];
      }
    }

    function copyObject(source, _target) {
        var isArray = Array.isArray(source);
        var target = _target || (isArray ? new Array(source.length) : {});

        if (isArray) {
          _copyArray(source, target);
        } else {
          _copyObject(source, target);
        }

        return target;
    }

    /** Get the data based on key**/
    Chance.prototype.get = function (name) {
        return copyObject(data[name]);
    };

    // Mac Address
    Chance.prototype.mac_address = function(options){
        // typically mac addresses are separated by ":"
        // however they can also be separated by "-"
        // the network variant uses a dot every fourth byte

        options = initOptions(options);
        if(!options.separator) {
            options.separator =  options.networkVersion ? "." : ":";
        }

        var mac_pool="ABCDEF1234567890",
            mac = "";
        if(!options.networkVersion) {
            mac = this.n(this.string, 6, { pool: mac_pool, length:2 }).join(options.separator);
        } else {
            mac = this.n(this.string, 3, { pool: mac_pool, length:4 }).join(options.separator);
        }

        return mac;
    };

    Chance.prototype.normal = function (options) {
        options = initOptions(options, {mean : 0, dev : 1});

        // The Marsaglia Polar method
        var s, u, v, norm,
            mean = options.mean,
            dev = options.dev;

        do {
            // U and V are from the uniform distribution on (-1, 1)
            u = this.random() * 2 - 1;
            v = this.random() * 2 - 1;

            s = u * u + v * v;
        } while (s >= 1);

        // Compute the standard normal variate
        norm = u * Math.sqrt(-2 * Math.log(s) / s);

        // Shape and scale
        return dev * norm + mean;
    };

    Chance.prototype.radio = function (options) {
        // Initial Letter (Typically Designated by Side of Mississippi River)
        options = initOptions(options, {side : "?"});
        var fl = "";
        switch (options.side.toLowerCase()) {
        case "east":
        case "e":
            fl = "W";
            break;
        case "west":
        case "w":
            fl = "K";
            break;
        default:
            fl = this.character({pool: "KW"});
            break;
        }

        return fl + this.character({alpha: true, casing: "upper"}) +
                this.character({alpha: true, casing: "upper"}) +
                this.character({alpha: true, casing: "upper"});
    };

    // Set the data as key and data or the data map
    Chance.prototype.set = function (name, values) {
        if (typeof name === "string") {
            data[name] = values;
        } else {
            data = copyObject(name, data);
        }
    };

    Chance.prototype.tv = function (options) {
        return this.radio(options);
    };

    // ID number for Brazil companies
    Chance.prototype.cnpj = function () {
        var n = this.n(this.natural, 8, { max: 9 });
        var d1 = 2+n[7]*6+n[6]*7+n[5]*8+n[4]*9+n[3]*2+n[2]*3+n[1]*4+n[0]*5;
        d1 = 11 - (d1 % 11);
        if (d1>=10){
            d1 = 0;
        }
        var d2 = d1*2+3+n[7]*7+n[6]*8+n[5]*9+n[4]*2+n[3]*3+n[2]*4+n[1]*5+n[0]*6;
        d2 = 11 - (d2 % 11);
        if (d2>=10){
            d2 = 0;
        }
        return ''+n[0]+n[1]+'.'+n[2]+n[3]+n[4]+'.'+n[5]+n[6]+n[7]+'/0001-'+d1+d2;
    };

    // -- End Miscellaneous --

    Chance.prototype.mersenne_twister = function (seed) {
        return new MersenneTwister(seed);
    };

    // Mersenne Twister from https://gist.github.com/banksean/300494
    var MersenneTwister = function (seed) {
        if (seed === undefined) {
            seed = new Date().getTime();
        }
        /* Period parameters */
        this.N = 624;
        this.M = 397;
        this.MATRIX_A = 0x9908b0df;   /* constant vector a */
        this.UPPER_MASK = 0x80000000; /* most significant w-r bits */
        this.LOWER_MASK = 0x7fffffff; /* least significant r bits */

        this.mt = new Array(this.N); /* the array for the state vector */
        this.mti = this.N + 1; /* mti==N + 1 means mt[N] is not initialized */

        this.init_genrand(seed);
    };

    /* initializes mt[N] with a seed */
    MersenneTwister.prototype.init_genrand = function (s) {
        this.mt[0] = s >>> 0;
        for (this.mti = 1; this.mti < this.N; this.mti++) {
            s = this.mt[this.mti - 1] ^ (this.mt[this.mti - 1] >>> 30);
            this.mt[this.mti] = (((((s & 0xffff0000) >>> 16) * 1812433253) << 16) + (s & 0x0000ffff) * 1812433253) + this.mti;
            /* See Knuth TAOCP Vol2. 3rd Ed. P.106 for multiplier. */
            /* In the previous versions, MSBs of the seed affect   */
            /* only MSBs of the array mt[].                        */
            /* 2002/01/09 modified by Makoto Matsumoto             */
            this.mt[this.mti] >>>= 0;
            /* for >32 bit machines */
        }
    };

    /* initialize by an array with array-length */
    /* init_key is the array for initializing keys */
    /* key_length is its length */
    /* slight change for C++, 2004/2/26 */
    MersenneTwister.prototype.init_by_array = function (init_key, key_length) {
        var i = 1, j = 0, k, s;
        this.init_genrand(19650218);
        k = (this.N > key_length ? this.N : key_length);
        for (; k; k--) {
            s = this.mt[i - 1] ^ (this.mt[i - 1] >>> 30);
            this.mt[i] = (this.mt[i] ^ (((((s & 0xffff0000) >>> 16) * 1664525) << 16) + ((s & 0x0000ffff) * 1664525))) + init_key[j] + j; /* non linear */
            this.mt[i] >>>= 0; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
            i++;
            j++;
            if (i >= this.N) { this.mt[0] = this.mt[this.N - 1]; i = 1; }
            if (j >= key_length) { j = 0; }
        }
        for (k = this.N - 1; k; k--) {
            s = this.mt[i - 1] ^ (this.mt[i - 1] >>> 30);
            this.mt[i] = (this.mt[i] ^ (((((s & 0xffff0000) >>> 16) * 1566083941) << 16) + (s & 0x0000ffff) * 1566083941)) - i; /* non linear */
            this.mt[i] >>>= 0; /* for WORDSIZE > 32 machines */
            i++;
            if (i >= this.N) { this.mt[0] = this.mt[this.N - 1]; i = 1; }
        }

        this.mt[0] = 0x80000000; /* MSB is 1; assuring non-zero initial array */
    };

    /* generates a random number on [0,0xffffffff]-interval */
    MersenneTwister.prototype.genrand_int32 = function () {
        var y;
        var mag01 = new Array(0x0, this.MATRIX_A);
        /* mag01[x] = x * MATRIX_A  for x=0,1 */

        if (this.mti >= this.N) { /* generate N words at one time */
            var kk;

            if (this.mti === this.N + 1) {   /* if init_genrand() has not been called, */
                this.init_genrand(5489); /* a default initial seed is used */
            }
            for (kk = 0; kk < this.N - this.M; kk++) {
                y = (this.mt[kk]&this.UPPER_MASK)|(this.mt[kk + 1]&this.LOWER_MASK);
                this.mt[kk] = this.mt[kk + this.M] ^ (y >>> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1];
            }
            for (;kk < this.N - 1; kk++) {
                y = (this.mt[kk]&this.UPPER_MASK)|(this.mt[kk + 1]&this.LOWER_MASK);
                this.mt[kk] = this.mt[kk + (this.M - this.N)] ^ (y >>> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1];
            }
            y = (this.mt[this.N - 1]&this.UPPER_MASK)|(this.mt[0]&this.LOWER_MASK);
            this.mt[this.N - 1] = this.mt[this.M - 1] ^ (y >>> 1) ^ mag01[y & 0x1];

            this.mti = 0;
        }

        y = this.mt[this.mti++];

        /* Tempering */
        y ^= (y >>> 11);
        y ^= (y << 7) & 0x9d2c5680;
        y ^= (y << 15) & 0xefc60000;
        y ^= (y >>> 18);

        return y >>> 0;
    };

    /* generates a random number on [0,0x7fffffff]-interval */
    MersenneTwister.prototype.genrand_int31 = function () {
        return (this.genrand_int32() >>> 1);
    };

    /* generates a random number on [0,1]-real-interval */
    MersenneTwister.prototype.genrand_real1 = function () {
        return this.genrand_int32() * (1.0 / 4294967295.0);
        /* divided by 2^32-1 */
    };

    /* generates a random number on [0,1)-real-interval */
    MersenneTwister.prototype.random = function () {
        return this.genrand_int32() * (1.0 / 4294967296.0);
        /* divided by 2^32 */
    };

    /* generates a random number on (0,1)-real-interval */
    MersenneTwister.prototype.genrand_real3 = function () {
        return (this.genrand_int32() + 0.5) * (1.0 / 4294967296.0);
        /* divided by 2^32 */
    };

    /* generates a random number on [0,1) with 53-bit resolution*/
    MersenneTwister.prototype.genrand_res53 = function () {
        var a = this.genrand_int32()>>>5, b = this.genrand_int32()>>>6;
        return (a * 67108864.0 + b) * (1.0 / 9007199254740992.0);
    };


    // CommonJS module
    if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
        if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) {
            exports = module.exports = Chance;
        }
        exports.Chance = Chance;
    }

    // Register as an anonymous AMD module
    if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
        define([], function () {
            return Chance;
        });
    }

    // if there is a importsScrips object define chance for worker
    if (typeof importScripts !== 'undefined') {
        chance = new Chance();
    }

    // If there is a window object, that at least has a document property,
    // instantiate and define chance on the window
    if (typeof window === "object" && typeof window.document === "object") {
        window.Chance = Chance;
        window.chance = new Chance();
    }
})();